Metalworking is both a unique craft as well as a hazardous one. Occupations involving metalworking always require safety measures to be taken to not only ensure the quality of the final products, but the safety of the crew involved.

According to the CDC,

Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are used to reduce heat and friction and to remove metal particles in industrial machining and grinding operations. There are numerous formulations, ranging from straight oils (such as petroleum oils) to water-based fluids, which include soluble oils and semisynthetic/synthetic fluids.

MWFs may be complex mixtures of oils, emulsifiers, anti-weld agents, corrosion inhibitors, extreme pressure additives, buffers (alkaline reserve), biocides, and other additives.

In use, the fluid complexity is compounded by contamination with substances from the manufacturing process (such as tramp oils, hydraulic fluids, and particulate matter from grinding and machining operations). 

With any occupation that handles metalworking or metalworking fluids, precautions must be taken to ensure a safe work environment.

The Dangers of Exposure

Metalworking fluid contact can happen in a variety of ways. Dangerous or prolonged exposure can cause health problems via skin contact with contaminated materials, mists or sprays via aerosols, and more.

If a worker doesn't have the proper safety equipment, fluid exposure can occur if the worker dips their hand into the fluid or handles any tools or equipment covered in metalworking fluids.

According to OSHA, two types of skin disease associated with Metalworking Fluid exposure are dermatitis and acne. Respiratory diseases and worse are all associated with consistent exposure, so proper steps must be taken to keep workers healthy.

Hazards can be Controlled

According to OSHA:

Occupational exposures can be controlled by the application of a number of well-known principles including engineering and work practice controls, administrative controls, and use of personal protective equipment.

These principles may be applied at or near the hazard source, to the general workplace environment, or at the point of occupational exposure to individuals. Engineering and work practice controls, applied at the source of the hazard, are generally the preferred and most effective means of control.

In machine shops where workers are at risk of exposure to metalworking fluids, exposure may be controlled by some or all of the following:

•  Proper design and operation of the MWF delivery system
•  Isolation
•  Effective local exhaust ventilation
•  Effective general or dilution ventilation
•  Good work practices on the part of the machinists, including the proper use of controls; and (6) proper maintenance of equipment

OSHA has great resources on specifics of controlling hazards and keeping workers safe. Click here to read more.

The Role of Personal Protective Equipment

Even with a controlled environment, safety gear such as protective clothing and respirators should be included, and worn by workers to prevent skin contact and breathing in harmful fumes.

BlackHawk provides multiple categories of respirators for workers that can be found on our website. Click here to view our selection.

Click here to view the complete OSHA Metalworking Fluids Safety and Health Best Practices Manual.